Contrary to popular belief, even children can get hypertension, though this is not common.
Sometimes, a wrong diagnosis is made if the blood pressure is
measured with a cuff of smaller-than-normal size. The cuff is
wrapped around the arm of the child to measure the pressure.
Also if the child is excited, the higher pressure must be
confirmed by taking a few more readings.
SYMPTOMS: Usually,
hypertension is accidentally discovered when the child is examined for a routine
check-up. Of course, it can also present with symptoms typical of disorders of the
kidney, heart, central nervous system
and endocrine system. Thus, the child may have blood in the urine, breathlessness on exertion, visual disturbances,
headaches or even a stroke.
MANAGEMENT:
Confirmation
of raised pressure by frequent blood pressure readings in a relaxed atmosphere.
Investigations
to rule out the cause of hypertension and if proved, treatment prescribed for the same.
If
the cause is not found, a diagnosis of essential hypertension is made.
If
the child is overweight, all efforts are made to regulate the child’s diet and to see that he takes active part
in sports or other forms of exercise.
Salt
is restricted in the diet. Canned and fast foods are to be avoided as they have a high amount of salt or fat.
If
your doctor decides that the child should have long term medication for keeping the blood pressure in
check, do follow the advice seriously because high blood pressure, if not treated, can cause complications with
damage to the blood vessels of the eyes, kidney and brain. It can also lead to heart failure.
